Publication type

Paper

Publication 2026

Clinician-Centered Evaluation Framework for Explainable AI Heatmaps in OCT-Based Retinal Disease Classification

Eirini Maliagkani, Ilias Georgalas, Ioannis Datseris, Elpiniki Papageorgiou, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos

Journal of Imaging — Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 211 10.3390/jimaging12050211

Medicine Ophthalmology Deep Learning Explainable AI

Publication 2026

Explainable Machine Learning Prognosis of Coronary Artery Disease Using Lifestyle and Medical History Data

Agorastos-Dimitrios Samaras, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Elpiniki Papageorgiou, Nikolaos Papandrianos

Applied Sciences — Vol. 16, No. 11, pp. 5444 10.3390/app16115444

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2026

Explainable YOLOv8 model for solitary pulmonary nodules classification using positron emission tomography and computed tomography scans

Agorastos-Dimitrios Samaras, Serafeim Moustakidis, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Elpiniki Papageorgiou, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos Papandrianos

Journal of Intelligent Systems — Vol. 35, No. 1 10.1515/jisys-2025-0064

Medicine CT Lung Cancer PET Deep Learning Explainable AI

Publication 2026

MedScanGAN: Synthetic PET & CT Scan Generation Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for Medical AI Data Augmentation

Agorastos-Dimitrios Samaras, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos Papandrianos

Bioengineering — Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 281 10.3390/bioengineering13030281

Medicine CT Lung Cancer PET Deep Learning Generative AI

Publication 2025

A machine learning approach for determining solitary pulmonary nodule malignancy in patients undergoing PET/CT examination

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou, Nikolaos Papandrianos

Multimedia Tools and Applications — Vol. 84, No. 32, pp. 39905-39924 10.1007/s11042-025-20737-x

Medicine CT Lung Cancer PET Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2025

A Review on SPECT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Attenuation Correction Using Deep Learning

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaοs Ι. Papandrianos, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos

Applied Sciences — Vol. 15, No. 20, pp. 11287 10.3390/app152011287

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease CT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2025

Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Epiretinal Membrane Detection, Segmentation and Postoperative BCVA Prediction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Eirini Maliagkani, Petroula Mitri, Dimitra Mitsopoulou, Andreas Katsimpris, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Athanasia Sandali, Konstantinos Tyrlis, Nikolaos Papandrianos, Ilias Georgalas

Applied Sciences — Vol. 15, No. 22, pp. 12280 10.3390/app152212280

Medicine Ophthalmology Deep Learning Explainable AI

Publication 2025

Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Geographic Atrophy Segmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Aikaterini Chatzara, Eirini Maliagkani, Dimitra Mitsopoulou, Andreas Katsimpris, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Elpiniki Papageorgiou, Ilias Georgalas

Bioengineering — Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 475 10.3390/bioengineering12050475

Medicine Ophthalmology Machine Learning

Publication 2025

Improving Real-time High-Resolution Estimates of PM2.5 Concentration Fields in Urban Areas by the SmartAQ+ System with Data Fusion and Machine Learning

Apostolopoulos I.D., Siouti E., Fouskas G., Pandis S.N.

Atmospheric Environment — 364 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121665

Air Quality Air Quality Forecast Models Explainable AI Machine Learning Sensors

Publication 2025

Monitoring of Indoor Air Quality in a Classroom Combining a Low-Cost Sensor System and Machine Learning

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Eleni Dovrou, Silas Androulakis, Katerina Seitanidi, Maria P. Georgopoulou, Angeliki Matrali, Georgia Argyropoulou, Christos Kaltsonoudis, George Fouskas, Spyros N. Pandis

Chemosensors — Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 148 10.3390/chemosensors13040148

Air Quality Indoor Air Quality Sensors Machine Learning Sensors

Publication 2025

Neural-FCM: a deep learning approach for weight matrix optimization in Fuzzy Cognitive Map classifiers

Theodoros Tziolas, Konstantinos Papageorgiou, Ioannis Apostolopoulos, Elpiniki Papageorgiou

Applied Intelligence — Vol. 55, No. 13 10.1007/s10489-025-06795-6

Medicine Explainable AI Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

Publication 2025

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis, Segmentation, and Prediction of Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Systematic Review

Eirini Maliagkani, Vyron Michalakis, Ioannis D Apostolopoulos, Konstantinos Tyrlis, Ilias Georgalas

Cureus 10.7759/cureus.97419

Medicine Ophthalmology Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2025

Utility of disease probability scores to guide decision-making during screening for phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma: a machine learning modelling cross sectional study

Christina Pamporaki, Georg Pommer, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Angelos Filippatos, Mirko Peitzsch, Hanna Remde, Georgiana Constantinescu, Annika M.A. Berends, Matthew A. Nazari, Felix Beuschlein, Martin Fassnacht, Aleksander Prejbisz, Karel Pacak, Graeme Eisenhofer

eClinicalMedicine — Vol. 82, pp. 103181 10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103181

Medicine Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2024

A Multi-Modal Machine Learning Methodology for Predicting Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Malignancy in Patients Undergoing PET/CT Examination

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos Papandrianos, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou

Big Data and Cognitive Computing — Vol. 8, No. 8, pp. 85 10.3390/bdcc8080085

Medicine CT Lung Cancer PET Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2024

Between Two Worlds: Investigating the Intersection of Human Expertise and Machine Learning in the Case of Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos I. Papandrianos, Dimitrios J. Apostolopoulos and Elpiniki Papageorgiou

Bioengineering — 11(10), 957 10.3390/bioengineering11100957/s1

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2024

Calibration and Inter-Unit Consistency Assessment of an Electrochemical Sensor System Using Machine Learning

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Silas Androulakis, Panayiotis Kalkavouras, George Fouskas, Spyros N. Pandis

Sensors — Vol. 24, No. 13, pp. 4110 10.3390/s24134110

Air Quality Indoor Air Quality Sensors Machine Learning Sensors

Publication 2024

Evaluation of Air Quality in a Primary School Classroom During Wintertime

Eleni Dovrou, Christos Kaltsonoudis, Silas Androulakis, Ioannis Apostolopoulos, Andrea Simonati, Spyros N. Pandis

Indoor Air — Vol. 2024, No. 1 10.1155/ina/7888273

Air Quality Indoor Air Quality Sensors Sensors

Publication 2024

Fuzzy Cognitive Map Applications in Medicine over the Last Two Decades: A Review Study

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos I. Papandrianos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou

Bioengineering — Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 139 10.3390/bioengineering11020139

Medicine Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2024

Integrating Machine Learning in Clinical Practice for Characterizing the Malignancy of Solitary Pulmonary Nodules in PET/CT Screening

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos Papandrianos, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou

Diseases — Vol. 12, No. 6, pp. 115 10.3390/diseases12060115

Medicine CT Lung Cancer PET Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2023

A General Machine Learning Model for Assessing Fruit Quality Using Deep Image Features

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Mpesi Tzani, Sokratis I. Aznaouridis

AI — Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 812-830 10.3390/ai4040041

Medicine Agriculture Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2023

AI-based classification algorithms in SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging for cardiovascular diagnosis: a review

Nikolaos I. Papandrianos, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Anna Feleki, Serafeim Moustakidis, Konstantinos Kokkinos, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou

Nuclear Medicine Communications — Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 1-11 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001634

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2023

An Attention-Based Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Brain Tumor and Disorder Classification and Grading in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Sokratis Aznaouridis, Mpesi Tzani

Information — Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 174 10.3390/info14030174

Medicine Brain Tumor MRI Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2023

Classification models for assessing coronary artery disease instances using clinical and biometric data: an explainable man-in-the-loop approach

Agorastos-Dimitrios Samaras, Serafeim Moustakidis, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos Papandrianos, Elpiniki Papageorgiou

Scientific Reports — Vol. 13, No. 1 10.1038/s41598-023-33500-9

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2023

Deep learning-enhanced nuclear medicine SPECT imaging applied to cardiac studies

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos I. Papandrianos, Anna Feleki, Serafeim Moustakidis, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou

EJNMMI Physics — Vol. 10, No. 1 10.1186/s40658-022-00522-7

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2023

Explainable Artificial Intelligence Method (ParaNet+) Localises Abnormal Parathyroid Glands in Scintigraphic Scans of Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Trifon Spyridonidis, George S. Panayiotakis

Algorithms — Vol. 16, No. 9, pp. 435 10.3390/a16090435

Medicine Parathyroid Glands SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2023

Explainable Deep Fuzzy Cognitive Map Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease: Integrating Myocardial Perfusion Imaging, Clinical Data, and Natural Language Insights

Anna Feleki, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Serafeim Moustakidis, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou, Nikolaos Papathanasiou, Dimitrios Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos Papandrianos

Applied Sciences — Vol. 13, No. 21, pp. 11953 10.3390/app132111953

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Fuzzy Cognitive Maps Machine Learning

Publication 2023

Field Calibration of a Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring Device in an Urban Background Site Using Machine Learning Models

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, George Fouskas, Spyros N. Pandis

Atmosphere — Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 368 10.3390/atmos14020368

Medicine Indoor Air Quality Sensors Machine Learning Sensors

Publication 2023

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps: Their Role in Explainable Artificial Intelligence

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Peter P. Groumpos

Applied Sciences — Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 3412 10.3390/app13063412

Medicine Explainable AI Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

Publication 2023

Industrial object and defect recognition utilizing multilevel feature extraction from industrial scenes with Deep Learning approach

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Mpesiana A. Tzani

Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing — Vol. 14, No. 8, pp. 10263-10276 10.1007/s12652-021-03688-7

Industry Sensors Sustainable and Intelligent Design Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2023

Innovative Attention-Based Explainable Feature-Fusion VGG19 Network for Characterising Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Polar Maps in Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaοs D. Papathanasiou, Nikolaos Papandrianos, Elpiniki Papageorgiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos

Applied Sciences — Vol. 13, No. 15, pp. 8839 10.3390/app13158839

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2023

Prediction of the Concentration and Source Contributions of PM2.5 and Gas-Phase Pollutants in an Urban Area with the SmartAQ Forecasting System

Evangelia Siouti, Ksakousti Skyllakou, Ioannis Kioutsioukis, David Patoulias, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, George Fouskas, Spyros N. Pandis

Atmosphere — Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 8 10.3390/atmos15010008

Air Quality Air Quality Forecast Models Machine Learning Sensors

Publication 2023

Uncovering the Black Box of Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis: The Significance of Explainability in Predictive Models

Agorastos-Dimitrios Samaras, Serafeim Moustakidis, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Elpiniki Papageorgiou, Nikolaos Papandrianos

Applied Sciences — Vol. 13, No. 14, pp. 8120 10.3390/app13148120

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2022

A Deep Learning Methodology for the Detection of Abnormal Parathyroid Glands via Scintigraphy with 99mTc-Sestamibi

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos

Diseases — Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 56 10.3390/diseases10030056

Medicine Parathyroid Glands SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2022

An Explainable Classification Method of SPECT Myocardial Perfusion Images in Nuclear Cardiology Using Deep Learning and Grad-CAM

Nikolaos I. Papandrianos, Anna Feleki, Serafeim Moustakidis, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos

Applied Sciences — Vol. 12, No. 15, pp. 7592 10.3390/app12157592

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2022

An Explainable Deep Learning Framework for Detecting and Localising Smoke and Fire Incidents: Evaluation of Grad-CAM++ and LIME

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Ifigeneia Athanasoula, Mpesi Tzani, Peter P. Groumpos

Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction — Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 1124-1135 10.3390/make4040057

Medicine Sensors Sustainable and Intelligent Design Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2022

Applications of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging: A review

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, George S. Panayiotakis

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging — Vol. 49, No. 11, pp. 3717-3739 10.1007/s00259-022-05805-w

Medicine CT Lung Cancer PET SPECT Deep Learning Generative AI Machine Learning

Publication 2022

Artificial Intelligence Methods for Identifying and Localizing Abnormal Parathyroid Glands: A Review Study

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos I. Papandrianos, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos

Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction — Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 814-826 10.3390/make4040040

Medicine Parathyroid Glands SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2022

Deep learning exploration for SPECT MPI polar map images classification in coronary artery disease

Nikolaos I. Papandrianos, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Anna Feleki, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou

Annals of Nuclear Medicine — Vol. 36, No. 9, pp. 823-833 10.1007/s12149-022-01762-4

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2022

Deep Learning Methods to Reveal Important X-ray Features in COVID-19 Detection: Investigation of Explainability and Feature Reproducibility

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou

Reports — Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 20 10.3390/reports5020020

Medicine COVID-19 X-Ray Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2022

Detection and Localisation of Abnormal Parathyroid Glands: An Explainable Deep Learning Approach

Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Trifon Spyridonidis, George S. Panayiotakis

Algorithms — Vol. 15, No. 12, pp. 455 10.3390/a15120455

Medicine Parathyroid Glands SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

Publication 2021

Advanced fuzzy cognitive maps: state-space and rule-based methodology for coronary artery disease detection

Ioannis D Apostolopoulos, Peter P Groumpos, Dimitris J Apostolopoulos

Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express — Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 045007 10.1088/2057-1976/abfd83

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Explainable AI Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

Publication 2021

Automatic classification of solitary pulmonary nodules in PET/CT imaging employing transfer learning techniques

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Emmanuel G. Pintelas, Ioannis E. Livieris, Dimitris J. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Panagiotis E. Pintelas, George S. Panayiotakis

Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing — Vol. 59, No. 6, pp. 1299-1310 10.1007/s11517-021-02378-y

Medicine CT Lung Cancer PET Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2021

Classification of lung nodule malignancy in computed tomography imaging utilising generative adversarial networks and semi-supervised transfer learning

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, George S. Panayiotakis

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering — Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 1243-1257 10.1016/j.bbe.2021.08.006

Medicine CT Lung Cancer PET Deep Learning Generative AI Machine Learning

Publication 2021

Modeling the spread of dangerous pandemics with the utilization of a hybrid-statistical–Advanced-Fuzzy-Cognitive-Map algorithm: the example of COVID-19

Peter P. Groumpos, Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos

Research on Biomedical Engineering — Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 749-764 10.1007/s42600-021-00182-z

Medicine COVID-19 X-Ray Explainable AI Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

Publication 2021

Multi-Input Deep Learning Approach for Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis using Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and Clinical Data

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Dimitris I. Apostolopoulos, Trifon I. Spyridonidis, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, George S. Panayiotakis

Physica Medica 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.04.011

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2020

Automatic characterization of myocardial perfusion imaging polar maps employing deep learning and data augmentation

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D Papathanasiou, Trifon Spyridonidis, Dimitris J Apostolopoulos

Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine 10.1967/s002449912101

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2020

Covid-19: automatic detection from X-ray images utilizing transfer learning with convolutional neural networks

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Tzani A. Mpesiana

Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine — Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 635-640 10.1007/s13246-020-00865-4

Medicine COVID-19 X-Ray Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2020

Extracting Possibly Representative COVID-19 Biomarkers from X-ray Images with Deep Learning Approach and Image Data Related to Pulmonary Diseases

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Sokratis I. Aznaouridis, Mpesiana A. Tzani

Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering — Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 462-469 10.1007/s40846-020-00529-4

Medicine COVID-19 X-Ray Deep Learning Machine Learning

Publication 2020

Non – invasive modelling methodology for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease using fuzzy cognitive maps

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Peter P. Groumpos

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering — Vol. 23, No. 12, pp. 879-887 10.1080/10255842.2020.1768534

Medicine Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Perfusion Imaging SPECT Explainable AI Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

Publication 2013

Diagnostics

Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Nikolaos D. Papathanasiou, Nikolaos I. Papandrianos, Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou and George S. Panayiotakis

Diagnostics 10.3390/diagnostics

Medicine CT PET SPECT Deep Learning Explainable AI Machine Learning

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